Perched majestically atop the Citadel of Saladin, the Mosque of Muhammad Ali (also known as the Alabaster Mosque) is the crown jewel of Cairo’s skyline. Built between 1830 and 1848, this architectural masterpiece was commissioned by Muhammad Ali Pasha, the founder of modern Egypt, to honor his son and serve as his own final resting place.
With its soaring twin minarets—the tallest in all of Egypt—and its massive central dome, the mosque isn't just a place of worship; it’s a statement of power and beauty. Whether you are a history buff, a photography enthusiast, or a traveler seeking the best views in the city, this is a destination that demands a spot on your Cairo itinerary.
Why You Must Visit the Mosque of Muhammad Ali
- The Best View in Cairo: From the mosque’s outdoor terrace, you can see the entire sprawling metropolis, from the winding Nile to the Great Pyramids of Giza shimmering in the distance on a clear day.
- Unique Architecture: Unlike the older Mamluk-style mosques in Cairo, this one features a distinct Ottoman Baroque style, inspired by the great mosques of Istanbul, blended with French Rococo interiors.
- The "Alabaster" Glow: The lower walls and the vast courtyard are encased in gleaming alabaster stone, giving the structure a radiant, ethereal quality, especially during the "golden hour."
- A Historical Hub: Being located inside the Citadel means you aren't just visiting a mosque; you’re entering a medieval fortress that served as the seat of Egyptian government for 700 years.
What to Do There
- Admire the Interior Grandeur: Step inside the prayer hall to see the massive central chandelier and the 261 stained-glass windows that create a celestial play of light.
- Visit the Tomb of Muhammad Ali Pasha: Located in the southwestern corner, the ornate white marble tomb is a site of deep historical significance.
- Explore the Courtyard (Sahn): Walk across the polished alabaster floor and view the ornate ablution fountain and the French Clock Tower (a gift from King Louis Philippe of France in exchange for the obelisk now in Paris’s Place de la Concorde).
- Photography at the Terrace: Capture the iconic "City of a Thousand Minarets" from the Gawhara Terrace, located right behind the mosque.
Traveler Tips
- Entry Fee: Access is included in the Cairo Citadel ticket, which currently costs 550 EGP for international adults (approx. $11–12 USD).
- Opening Hours: The Citadel opens at 8:00 AM, and the mosque is generally accessible from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM.
- Dress Code: Modesty is key. Shoulders and knees must be covered for both men and women. Women may be asked to wear a headscarf (often available for rent/loan at the entrance).
- Footwear: You must remove your shoes before entering the carpeted prayer hall. You can carry them in your hand or pay a small tip (around 10 EGP) for shoe covers.